'Beasts of No Nation'

The movie reinforces the stereotype of African people as animalistic. The movie doesn't seem to be intentionally promoting negative stereotypes but instead attempting to raise awareness about different important social issues. It draws attention to social issues like making child soliders. They portray Africans as the source of their own problems and conflict. The soliders or the rebel group are represented as violent, this is apparent as they are shown being violent towards each other and many scenes show them getting into physical altercations and they are holding guns. These are all ways of portraying violence. 

Social, Cultural and Historical Contexts - Key Terms

Women's monthly magazines are more aspirational than weekly magazines
- feature people who you aspire to be like.
- increase aspirational value as it has more time to create a more aspirational magazine.

Rise of consumerism:
- Women's magazines were seen to enter a new phrase.
- James Curran suggests that, having gone through a 'make-do and mend' phrase in the 1940s, middle-market women's magazines became part of the 'shop and spend' euphoria of the 50s and 60s.

1960s Sexual Revolution:
- new era of female liberation.
- a significant factor in this regard was the introduction of the contraceptive pill in the early part of the decade.
- legislative changes ike the Married Women's Property Act, enabled women to gain a greater degree of financial independence than had previously been possible.

1960s Cultural Revolution:
- 'swinging sixties'.
- emergence of new trends in music, fashion and films.
- Britain was at the centre of this cultural revolution.

Editorial philosophy
- refers to a magazine's underlying values, attitudes and beliefs, and the particular viewpoint and it adopts. Helps to determine the style and content of the magazine. It influences decisions regarding what should and what should not be included in the magazine, and shapes and informs the magazine's mode of address and the way in which the content is presented to the reader.

Sub-genre
- smaller category of subdivision within a larger genre.

Socialisation
- process through which we learn the norms and values of our culture. Gender socialisation refers to the way in which we learn what is excepted of us as men and women. The media are often said to play an important role in this regard, functioning as agents of socialisation.

Psychographic
- divides the market into groups based on social class, lifestyle and personality characteristics.

Differences between Woman's Realm and Huck Magazine

Woman's realm has a target audience of woman whereas Huck focuses on everyone as it celebrates independence. Huck's audience is mainly young adult.

Woman's realm: Commercial - attempts to sell products to their readers Huck: Less commercially orientated - doesn't include as many adverts. Huck attempts to focus on both genders not just solely on woman which is what Woman's realm focuses on.

Woman's Realm is published weekly where as Huck is published monthly.

Focuses on woman stereotypes e.g. such as fashion and housework - Woman's Realm. Originally, Huck focused on skate and surf.

Huck Research

Print magazines come out every 2 months
Huck celebrates independence: people and movements that paddle against the flow
Launched in 2006
Initially inspired by surf and skate
It's included in graphic design
'Refusing to be civilised since 2006'
Gallery in London

Woman's Realm Research

Woman's Realm was a British weekly magazine
First published in 1958
In 2001 it was merged with Woman's Weekly
- sales dropped
Woman's realm's content no longer reflected the financially independent lives of its target readership
Articles based on knitting.

Tide Advert Annotation

Tide Advert - Applying Theories

David Gauntlett's theory of identity 

Woman represented in the advert as role models of domestic perfection. The woman were being targeted by cleaning products or domestic products for advertising  because it was presented that domestic products would make a woman's life easier. This links to the use of the indirect mode of address which shows the woman being obsessed with the product. The hearts also signify her love for the product. Because the woman in the advert is represented in this way she is being a role model for other woman to also act in this way. 

bell hook's feminist theory 

hook's argues that lighter woman are considered more desirable and fit better into the western ideology of beauty, and the advert could be seen to reinforce this by only representing "modern", white woman. This is evident in the 'Tide' advert as a lighter woman is used as the main image which is shown in a close up.